Use the diagrams above to explain how economic development may occur in a country over time. To what extent have models been useful (or not) to your understanding of economic development? What have you learnt about yourself through the study of these models?
i encountered this model in Human Geography. It shows that in the pre-industrial stage the percentage of employment was low for the tertiary sector, it gradually increases until the post industrial sages of development. The primary sector shows a steady decline in percent employed as the country goes through a period of industrialization. Everyone wants to work in Industries instead of farming, agriculture. The manufacturing industries starts of smaller but fluctuates. This model can be applied to developed countries.
ReplyDeleteModels are based on assumptions and sometimes the assumptions may not be accurate. For example there are countries that never experienced the Secondary stage and headed straight to the tertiary stage because that country's economy is heavily relied on tourism. This can be said for a number of Small Island Developing States.
DeleteYou have not answered the second part of the question, Seeta.
DeleteBy understanding this model I am able to use it to analyze the stages of development our home country has made through time. Trinidad and Tobago started off being an economy that relied on the sugar, cocoa, coffee and tobacco. This was the first stage, but through time and the discovery of oil and natural gas. We no longer rely on agriculture, sugar, cocoa, coffee and even tobacco is imported. We started manufacturing in food and beverages such as nestles, carib and Coca-Cola, but most of our income comes from petrochemicals.
DeleteIt has made me an ''expert'' in this field when I am having discussions with my colleagues I can refer to this model.
I love how you related the model to our country.
DeletePlease remember to use the rubric when you are writing your post. The question requires you to do a lot of reflection on self, not just the content.
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ReplyDeleteThe first diagram show Sectors the Economy, this is divided into five sectors; 1) The Primary Sector- this involve all economic activity which makes direct use of any natural resources. This sector tends to dominate less developed countries, but is less important in more developed or industrialized countries. 2) The Secondary Sector- activities in this sector uses raw material, for example steel, for production of more valuable goods, such as cars. 3) Tertiary Sector, this entire sector is responsible for the services which are to be provided to the population, such as transport. 4) Quaternary Sector, this is knowledge based and includes information technology and media and research development, and 5) Quinary Sector is the level at which high and very important decisions are made by the government, businesses and other organisations.
ReplyDeleteOver time, a country could possibly go through three main stages of development; Pre-industrialization, Industrialization, and Post-industrialization.
In the pre-industrialization stage the country will be dependent on agriculture, which would be the largest specialization. A small variation may occur and with investment there will be the production of more valuable goods as well as services which will be offered to the population. This is the switch in specialization of jobs from primary to secondary sector as industrialization begins. This means that at the Pre-Industrial Level the economy is that of a less developed country. As time goes along, industrialization creates new job areas and the less developed country becomes a developing country with an even steeper decrease in the primary sector. The secondary sector dominates this level of development, there is also a greater increase in the tertiary sector as more goods become available for the population and the countries revenue increases. At the final stage of development, which is post industrialization, there is even a lesser dependency on the primary sector, with the move to a dominant tertiary sector, the manufacturing of products still exist however there is a decrease. There is now the upcoming Quaternary sector, which is based on technology. So therefore, over a long period of time, economic devilment has changed due to industrialization which created a variety of job specializations apart from the traditional agriculture.
The models are highly useful to my understanding as it shows the shifts in the curves which represent different sectors, this is easier to remember and once an individuals is aware of the function of each sector it is easy to demonstrate development by using a model, rather than pages of explanations. Concerning development and the fluctuation in sectors, it was easier to visualize how one sector affected the other.
I have learnt, that with myself, it took less time for me to go through the various sectors and there fluctuation using the model rather than reading.
Much more needed for the second part, Sam. Look at your rubric.
DeleteThe diagrams above show the progress of an economy can undergo. It shows the transition from one sector (agricultural) to another (industrial). Where there is a decline in the percentage of employment in one sector, there is an increase in the percentage of employment in another. This may be due to the adoption of new technologies in one sector. Therefore the labour force may move on to another sector. As a result, there may be a boost in productivity levels which aid in the overall economic development of a country.
ReplyDeleteAlthough most countries may not have experienced this type of progress, the model still shows how an advancement in one sector may likely affect the other. Therefore, it is useful in this sense.
You have not addressed the second part of the question.
DeleteWhat have you learnt about yourself through the study of these models?
DeleteThrough the study of these development models, I have learnt that development is a progressive venture. By interpreting these models of development, I have come to an understanding that with the aid of advanced technologies, well-educated and skilled labour force along with available physical resources, an economy is likely to further develop and transition from one stage to another. In the same way, I have learnt that through education, access to resources (for example, internet access) and even work experiences and my interaction with others, I have been able to develop from one stage in my life to another. Additionally, I have continued to invest in myself by undertaking this B. Ed programme in order to advance and transition to another stage in my life as a career driven individual and I will indeed continue to invest in myself through education. This sort of investment will in turn benefit my students and I as well as my country when I begin my career as a teacher.
That is the kind of thinking that is needed to reflect on self. Great!
DeleteYes i did come across the Development Stage Model in Human Geography and as shown in the diagram above it focuses on four key concepts/factors that a country's economy may undergo in its drive towards development.The first concept is the Primary stage this is where the most amount of people is involved in the development stage as this is where the extraction of natural resources are and human labor is at its highest point here this usually happens in the pre-industrial period of a count's economy.Then there is the secondary stage where the actual manufacturing of the natural resources begins this involves the factories and machinery according to the graph at this point there is more people existing the industrial sector rather than the pre-industrial sector.The Tertiary Level stage of the model is where the country heads towards marketing its products and services, in this stage more work is available for ensure the product or service is maximized so that the country economy my benefit fully from it.Therefore when a country experiences these stages of development then we are able to understand its progress towards a final finished product.
ReplyDeleteThrough studying these models i have been able to apply them to the economy of my county and see from a realistic point of view how applicable they are.Also studying these model have allowed me become experts at some.Using the Development Stage Model i was able to look at the once blossoming Sugar Cane Industry that once existed in Trinidad and the developmental stage that this industry once went through.And there are many more country who are experiencing and have experienced that Development Stage Model in its economy.
This was well interpreted... great teacher
DeleteWhat have you learnt about yourself? Use the rubric to guide your posts.
DeleteEconomic development has been taking place in Trinidad and Tobago over a long period of time, maybe over 50 years or more. In the late 1800s, I can recall we used to cultivate rice and export to other Caribbean islands as a form of revenue to help boost the country’s economy. After the rice cultivation we had the sugar cane factories that were a success until it was closed down a couple of years ago. From sugar cane to the oil and gas industrial boom which made us the richest island in the Caribbean for producing and export crude oil and gas and our wonderful pitch lake, the second largest in the world. So Trinidad has been making progress over the years despite its challenges of the major oil spills and the decline the in the price of the oil and gas.
ReplyDeleteThe models in economic development has been useful because it shows us how the development processes has been taking place over the years and how long each stage would have taken to move on to the other stage depending on the time frame if one is keeping up with what is taking place in the country’s economy. With these models you can also see and differentiate what type of model your country is patterning from and tell if the economy is making profits, if the economy is focusing on helping the consumers, what is being down in terms of the location and transportation of the goods and services, if they are just break even economy meaning whatever they put out is what they get in return or is there a setbacks that needs to be adjusted and quickly.
What I have learnt based on reading four models in Geography thus far is that although these models are still being used and portrayed to societies today, they still need to be modified and be up to date with today’s world. Technology and Education has been changed and new ways and avenues are being opened up daily so what was done back then may not always apply to this ‘new world’ that we currently live in. Although we may feel as though we are investing in machinery and making cut backs in employment for human this is not the case as we would need person to operate this machines also help in the transportation on the goods and services to get it to stores for the reach of the public. We are also creating employment for the person that has to pack these goods for the consumers.
This was a very good explanation andrea, this helped me understand the questions more.
Deletethank you rebecca. i am happy to know that my thoughts were helpful for your understanding of the questions
DeleteVery true Rebecca I felt the same way.
DeleteInteresting interpretations Andrea. It would be good for you to have more factual data to support the general points you made about the development of Trinidad.
DeleteYou also missed the second question. Please use your rubric as a guide.
Deleteactually i did state that and it is from the second paragraph :/ :|
DeletePRIMARY SECTOR
ReplyDeleteThe primary sector of the economy deals mainly with the extraction of raw materials, basically products from the earth. These activities are associated with primary economic activity include agriculture both commercial and subsistence. Many other activities occur as well for example mining, forestry, farming, grazing, hunting, fishing and quarrying. Many developing countries focus highly on the primary sectors.
SECONDARY SECTOR
The secondary sector of the economy produces finished goods from the raw materials extracted by the primary economy, this sector deals with manufacturing and processing of raw materials. The manufacturing of the materials includes engineering, construction, building, industrial work and much more.
TERTIARY SECTOR
The tertiary sector of the economy is also known as the service industry. This sector sells the goods produced by the secondary sector and provides commercial services to both the general population and to businesses in all five economic sectors. Some examples of the tertiary sector includes insurance, banking, media, tourism etc.
QUATERNARY SECTOR
Although many economic models only divide the economy into three sectors, others divide it into four or even five sectors. These final two sectors are closely linked with the services of the tertiary sector. In these models, the quaternary sector of the economy consists of intellectual activities often associated with technological innovation. It is sometimes called the knowledge economy.
Few activities with the quaternary sector include government, culture, libraries, scientific research, and education and information technology.
QUINARY SECTOR
Some economists further subdivide the quaternary sector into the quinary sector, which includes the highest levels of decision making in a society or economy. This sector includes top executives or officials in such fields as government, science, universities, nonprofit, healthcare, culture and the media. Economists sometimes also include domestic activities (duties performed in the home by a family member or dependent) in the quinary sector. These activities include childcare or housekeeping.
Models are a very important tool when it comes to understanding economic principles. Yet they are often subject to criticism, mostly because many of them are said to be simplistic and far away from reality. Because of that the importance of economic models is often underestimated.
To be fair, the critics may have a point. The models are indeed simplistic and not always close to reality. These models have two very important functions where simplify reality and guide our attention to important issues. There is no point in creating a model that describes every detail of a certain object. For example, there is no need to build a model of a car that is 100% identical to the actual vehicle. In that case we could just look at the car itself.Instead a good model will omit certain details and build on certain assumptions. This will make it much easier for us to examine it and actually learn something.
Viewing the important details is crucial, this is very much connected to the first one. By omitting certain details while keeping others, the model automatically guides our attention in a certain way. Depending on what we are trying to learn, the model can put the focus on different topics. At this point it is important to note that including different details will dramatically change the quality and purpose of every model.
These models are very powerful tools that helped me comprehend economic principles by simplifying reality and guiding our attention to specific features of an object. It also looks at the economic models the right way which can come in handy as we are learning more about economics. Sometimes even looking at what is not included can help us understand what a topic is all about. These models and diagrams help me understand the content more.
Nice well detailed explained of each part Rebecca.
DeleteVery in depth! Your students would be fortunate to have you as a teacher.
DeleteInteresting analogy between economic models and models of cars. You neglected to develop the section on self though. Please use your rubric for future posts.
DeletePrimary sectors: involves the extraction, processes, production and packaging of raw materials and basic food from the earth. This would associated with agriculture (both subsistence and commercial) forestry, farming, hunting, fishing and quarrying.
ReplyDeleteSecondary sector: deals with the manufacturing, processing and constructs finished goods by transforming raw materials. which would usually include textile production, chemical and engineering industries, construction and other industries alone these field.
Tertiary sector: Entails the service for the general population and businesses to acquire and use finished good. That of transporting and distributing of goods to retailers or wholesalers.
Quaternary sectors: This is where knowledge and skills fro complex processing and handling of information and environmental technology.
Quinary sector: Here is where, high level economic and social decision make in a society or economy. This sector will, consist of top executives or government officials.
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In the study of Economy Geography or The Economy this model would definitely appears. In my previous study of Human Geography, I had also came across the sectors of the economy in that of factors leading development and growth of an economy. The model clearly explain each sector and its transition. Within our economy we can see how and where this model is being illustrated in and around our industries. Also the model is simply to comprehend, in that it helped me to further understand the sectors and expand on my knowledge of the economic sectors. Its importance is very significant and applicable to the study of Economic Geography and myself as a prospective teacher venturing into this field of study.
Great exposure to the detailed facts. Your students will be bless to have a teacher like you.
DeleteGreat exposure to the detailed facts. Your students will be bless to have a teacher like you.
DeleteWhat makes this important and significant to you? That's what I want to know. Please refer to your rubric when answering these questions.
DeleteUse the diagrams above to explain how economic development may occur in a country over time.
ReplyDeleteThe first diagram illustrates a division of a country's population based upon the economic area in which that population is employed. This is where human activities that produce income are called economic activities. Many economists acknowledge the following five economic sectors; the primary sector which includes agriculture, mining and other natural resource industries; the secondary sector covering manufacturing, engineering and construction; a tertiary sector for the service industries, the quaternary sector for intellectual activities involving education and research and the quinary sector reserved for high level decision makers in government and industry.
The second diagram shows the Clark Fisher Model that was developed to illustrate this theory. The model was divided into three phases which are listed below;
The pre-industrial phase – the primary sector leads the economy and may employ more than two-thirds of the working population. Agriculture is the most important activity.
The industrial phase – the secondary and tertiary sectors increase in importance. The primary sector declines.
The post-industrial phase – As the tertiary sector becomes the most important sector, the secondary sector declines and the primary sector employs a small percentage of the active population.
To what extent have models been useful (or not) to your understanding of economic development?
Models have been very useful to my understanding of economic development because it helps explain how the economy can develop from a traditional and dependent system into a developed and independent economy by predicting what could happen. Without these models, then we can not allocate our resources efficiently and will not be able to plan or determine the current economic conditions that will have causes and effects on the future of the economy. In addition,these models assist in making decisions and impose new economic guidelines that will change future economic behaviors. From looking at the past, we can determine the patterns and put in place different strategies to deal with or help transform the economy so development can take place.
What have you learnt about yourself through the study of these models?
I have learn that there are many models that have influence the decisions of economists that they have to take to ensure that a economy can achieve development. Also that these models have played a crucial role in the economy since they are use to predict what may happen in the future. These models of development is very important for an economy because it explains and shows a realistic structure of how a country should operate and which sectors people can go into. I have learn these models previously in other Geography course and now I really got to understand why these models are used.
Keisha you did a great job in terms of going in depth with the content. I can see you understood the concept well... Great job!
DeleteGood description of content, but your are still to explore what you have learnt about yourself, not the content.
Delete. In the diagram above one can see that economic development is a long run process. In the pre industrial era the primary sector is the highest with regards to employment so the economy is based more on agriculture and extraction of raw materials. There is little manufacturing and services being produced. In the Industrial era employment in the agricultural sector has dropped significantly. In this period employment in the tertiary sector increases along with the secondary sector, however, the employment in the secondary sector declines somewhat at the end of the industrial era. This means raw materials are being produced by the primary sector and process them into manufactured goods and products. Also the selling of services and skills, goods and products from primary and secondary industries, health service, transportation, education, entertainment, tourism, finance, sales and retail. In the post era, the majority of employment is in the tertiary sector. There is a further decline in the primary sector and secondary however the quaternary sector exists here. The quaternary sector consists of those industries providing information services, such as computing, ICT (information and communication technologies), consultancy (offering advice to businesses) and R&D (research, particularly in scientific fields).
ReplyDeleteThese models have been useful to me as I am now able to differentiate the different stages that many countries are at. I now understand through studying these models that a countries econmy is not just what we see it to be today but it is as a result of growth through different stages that form the present day economies.
Throughout the study of these models, I have learnt that as an individual I can apply these models or stages to my personal growth as a student/teacher. I am still in the process of learning strategies and ways to teach and with the right direction and commitment to my studies of teaching and learning not forgetting the geography content, I can reach my full potential as a prospective teacher to greatly assist my students in their learning.
Good interpretation and reflection.
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ReplyDeleteGood night all!
ReplyDeleteEconomic development is the process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well-being of its people. In order for this to occur a country must know which of development they are at.
Pre-industrial society refers to social attributes and forms of political and cultural organization that were prevalent before the advent of the Industrial Revolution, which occurred from 1750 to 1850.
Industrial society refers to a society driven by the use of technology to enable mass production, supporting a large population with a high capacity for division of labour
The postindustrial society emphasizes not the production of goods, but of services, which depend on intelligent designers and users of technology.
Economic growth is a fundamental requirement for the development of a country. For companies to invest and an economy to grow, stable environments, efficient institutions, functioning markets and access to sustainable financial services are all required.
These models have been very useful in my understanding of economic development since they simplify and explain the stages and processes that a country must undergo to become developed. It also displays what are the important factors or elements needed for development to take place. Also it gives you a sense of the criteria in the different sectors what should be done.
By studying this model, I have learn the importance of economic development and what it takes for a country to become developed which may take several years. I also learn that these model play a crucial role in assisting the economy decide their goals or vision for development to take-off. I would also share these models with my students when teaching so they to can see how important they are. These models not just assist in development but it can set standards for people as well.
I have been educated on this model in Human Geography. This model gave me a great understand on how an economy grows and develops itself from their natural resources
ReplyDeletethis model explained the the growth and development of and economy. It has been proven by previous studies, when a country is utilizing it resources, it will eventually leave the primary sector unto the secondary sector, moving into the tertiary sector and outer nary sector and the final stage where they are financially stable in the Quinary sectory
DeleteI have been educated on this model in Human Geography. This model gave me a great understand on how an economy grows and develops itself from their natural resources
ReplyDeleteI was unable to post here please see my blog for my reply
ReplyDeleteOk.
DeleteWhat does the secondary sector shows in this graph
ReplyDeletePlease tell me